Last articles. we have discuss about bacterial transduction, before we forgot, there is also bacterial conjugation, which we will discuss in a few moment.

Conjugation is The union of two unicellular organisms accompanied by an interchange of nuclear material. Lederberg and Tatum further critically screened a good number of the ‘prototrophic colonies’ to ascertain and confirm whether the said ‘conjugation phenomenon’ happened to be ‘reciprocal in nature’.
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Application of pharmaceutical principles to drug dosage forms is illust rated when drug dosage forms are categorized according to their physical state, degree of heterogeneity, and chemical composition. The usual relevant states of matter are gases, liquids, and solids. Intermolecular forces of attraction are weakest in gases and strongest in solids. Conversions from one physical state to another can involve simply overcoming intermolecular forces of attraction by adding energy (heat) . Chemical composition can have a dramatic effect on physicochemical properties and behavior. For this reason, it is necessary to distinguish between polymers, or macromolecules, and more conventional ( i .e., smaller) molecules, or micromolecules.
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